What Causes Wipeouts and How to Avoid Them

Surfer mid-wipeout on a breaking wave with surfboard flying into the air and ocean spray around.
A surfer caught mid-wipeout as his board flips through the air, capturing the power and unpredictability of the ocean.

Wipeouts are part of every surfer’s journey. Whether you’re a beginner or an experienced wave rider, sooner or later, the ocean will remind you who’s in charge. But not all wipeouts are created equal. Some happen because of timing, positioning, or technique—others because the wave itself decides to humble you. Learning what causes them (and how to avoid the worst ones) will help you surf with more confidence and control.

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How to Angle Your Takeoff

Surfer performing an angled takeoff on a clean wave to align with the open face.
A surfer angling their takeoff down the line for a smoother, faster ride along the open wave face.

One of the most important steps in progressing as a surfer is learning how to angle your takeoff. Instead of going straight down the face of the wave and losing speed—or worse, nosediving—angling your takeoff helps you flow along the wave’s natural direction. It’s the difference between getting stuck in whitewater and gliding down the line with control and style.

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Improving Your Pop-Up Speed

Surfer practicing quick pop-up technique on a wave during sunrise.
A surfer perfecting pop-up speed during an early morning session, building rhythm and strength for smoother takeoffs.

Getting to your feet quickly can make or break your wave. The pop-up—the smooth motion from paddling to standing—is one of the most essential moves in surfing, yet many beginners underestimate how much timing and body control it requires. With the right practice and awareness, anyone can speed up their pop-up and unlock faster, cleaner takeoffs.

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How to Catch Your First Wave

Beginner surfer catching their first wave on a soft-top board under golden sunlight.
A beginner surfer catching their first wave at a sandy beach break, riding toward shore with perfect balance and stoke.

The Thrill of Your First Ride

Catching your first wave is one of the most unforgettable moments in surfing. It’s the instant when the ocean lifts you, momentum takes over, and you glide toward shore — a pure rush that every surfer remembers. But before that magic happens, it’s all about preparation, patience, and learning to work with the wave, not against it.

Whether you’re surfing whitewater at a beach break or catching your first green wave, understanding the fundamentals will help you progress faster and have more fun in the lineup.

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Understanding the Surf Lineup: Positioning Tips

Surfers sitting in the lineup at sunset, facing the horizon and waiting for incoming waves.
Surfers positioned in the lineup at sunset, watching wave sets form as golden light reflects across the ocean.

Why Lineup Positioning Matters

Ask any seasoned surfer what separates an average session from a great one, and they’ll likely mention lineup positioning. Knowing where to sit in the water — and how to move with the waves — can make the difference between catching set after set or missing every opportunity. Mastering lineup awareness is about reading the ocean, respecting others, and putting yourself in the right place at the right time.

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How to Turtle Roll Safely

Flat vector illustration of a surfer underwater performing a turtle roll while holding onto the longboard rails
Surfer safely performing a turtle roll underwater with a longboard.

What Is a Turtle Roll?

The turtle roll (also called the eskimo roll) is a technique used by longboarders or those on larger boards to get under an approaching wave without being pushed back toward shore.

Instead of diving under like shortboarders do with a duck dive, you flip your board upside down, hold on tight, and let the wave pass over you — much like a turtle rolling under a wave.

It’s a vital move for paddling out safely and confidently.

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The Complete Beginner’s Guide to Paddling Out

A surfer paddles out toward the lineup under a golden sunrise.
Every great wave starts with a strong paddle — the rhythm that connects surfer and sea.

Why Paddling Out Matters

Every great surf session starts with one challenge: getting past the waves.

For beginners, paddling out can be the most exhausting and confusing part of surfing. But with the right technique and mindset, it becomes second nature — your gateway to the lineup.

Mastering how to paddle efficiently saves energy, improves control, and sets you up for every ride that follows.

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How to Read Waves Like a Pro

A surfer studies the waves from the beach at sunrise, reading swell patterns and peaks.
Reading the ocean before paddling out turns guesswork into perfect wave selection.

Why Reading Waves Matters

Every surfer knows the thrill of catching the perfect wave — but that moment starts with how well you read the ocean. Knowing what the water is doing, where a wave will break, and when to paddle is what separates beginners from confident, consistent surfers.

Learning to “read waves” isn’t luck — it’s observation, timing, and experience. Once you understand how the sea moves, you’ll waste less energy and score more rides.

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Mastering the Bottom Turn

A surfer with long blonde hair performs a bottom turn on a turquoise wave under golden sunlight.
A surfer glides through a powerful bottom turn at sunrise — the perfect balance of speed, control, and flow.

Why the Bottom Turn Matters

The bottom turn is the cornerstone of surfing technique. It’s the move that transforms downward momentum into forward drive — setting you up for carves, snaps, and barrels. Every powerful top turn or smooth cutback starts with a solid bottom turn.

When you master this maneuver, you unlock control, speed, and style. It’s the key to linking your rides with flow rather than reaction.

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How to Duck Dive: Step-by-Step for Beginners

A female surfer performs a duck dive underwater beneath a turquoise wave with sunlight filtering through.
A woman surfer gracefully duck dives beneath a turquoise wave — a moment of strength and flow captured beneath the surface.

What Is a Duck Dive?

A duck dive is the move surfers use to push their board under an oncoming wave instead of getting pushed back by it. It’s a foundational technique for shortboarders and intermediates—it helps you reach the lineup smoothly and save energy on crowded or choppy days.

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